21世纪中国炼油工业的重要发展方向——重质(超重质)原油加工

Important Orientation of China′s Refining Industry in 21th Century——Processing Heavy and Superheavy Crude Oil

阐述了世界和中国石油资源的现状和发展趋势,说明21世纪炼油工业加工重质原油的重要性;分析了21世纪加工重质原油是中国炼油工业调整原油结构、提高经济效益和提升竞争力的重要战略步骤;介绍了作为重质原油加工核心问题的各种重油加工工艺,重点指出延迟焦化工艺的独特优势,以及渣油加氢的工艺参数和工艺发展概况;最后提出了进一步提高加工重质原油炼厂竞争力的措施。

The paper expounds the status and developing trends of oil resources both at home and abroad to show the importance for refining industry to process heavy oil in 21th century;analyses that processing heavy oil in 21th century is the major strategic move for China＇s refining indusry to adjust crude oil struc- ture,improve economic efficiency and enhance competitive power;introduces various technologies as the key point of heavy oil processing with emphasis on the unique advantage of delayed coking ,and the process vari- ables and the process developing survey of residue hydrocracking;finally puts forth the countermeasures to raise competitive power of refineries which process heavy crude oil.