北京市中小学生脊柱侧凸患病率调查报告

Investigation of scoliosis among school children in Beijing

目的:了解北京市中小学生脊柱侧凸的患病率。方法:2005年3月～2006年1月对北京市12个区县、73所医疗卫生监控点学校的57581名中小学生进行了脊柱侧凸普查,首先由学校校医或疾病控制中心的体检医师在学校对学生进行初步体格检查,再由骨科医师对阳性或可疑阳性者进行复查;对医师检查阳性或可疑阳性者到医院行X线摄片检查。结果:共检出脊柱侧凸患者64例(Cobb角≥10°),患病率为0.11%。其中特发性脊柱侧凸59例,占92.19%,女性52例,男性7例,女性患病率显著高于男性(χ2=36.147,P<0.001);先天性脊柱侧凸4例,神经肌肉源性脊柱侧凸1例。结论:北京市中小学生脊柱侧凸的患病率为0.11%,女性患病率明显高于男性。对青少年进行脊柱侧凸普查可以早期发现、及时矫治,对防治脊柱侧凸具有积极意义。

Objective：To investigate the prevalence of scoliosis among the school-age population in Beijing. Method：From March 2005 to January 2006,a total of 29 351 boys and 28 230 girls among 73 schools in 12 districts of Beijing monitored by Center for Disease Control （CDC） were screened for scoliosis.School physicians or the doctors appointed by CDC carried out the screening initially by physical examination.Reexamination was performed on those who had positive physical signs in schools by orthopedist.Children with a positive physical sign were referred to a second screening hospital,in which rontgenography was done.Result：The Cobb angles more than 10 degrees were found in 64 children.The prevalence of scoliosis was 0.11%.Fifty-nine patients with idiopathic scoliosis（IS） were detected,accounting for 92.19%,and there were 4 cases of congenital scoliosis and 1 case of neurogenic scoliosis.The ratio of girls to boys with IS was 52：7.The prevelance of IS was significantly lower in boys than that in girls（x^2=36.147,P〈0.001 ）.Conclusion：The prevalence of adolescent scoliosis is 0.11% in Beijing with majority of idiopathic scolisis.Investigation on scoliosis among school-age population is very important for early dignosis,selection of effective prevention and final treatment.