普通小麦-簇毛麦易位系T4VS·4VL-4AL的选育与鉴定

Development and Characterization of Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa Translocation Line T4VS·4VL-4AL

利用染色体C-分带和基因组原位杂交分析,从普通小麦-簇毛麦4V染色体二体异附加系(DA4V)与普通小麦农林26-离果山羊草3C染色体二体异附加系(DA3C)杂种后代中选育出小麦-簇毛麦纯合易位系T4VS.4VL-4AL。SSR和RFLP标记分析表明,该易位染色体包括4VS、4VL近着丝粒部分区段和4AL顶端区段;该易位系具有良好的细胞学稳定性,结实正常,为杀配子染色体诱发形成的补偿型易位;易位系T4VS.4VL-4AL高抗梭条花叶病,是小麦抗病育种新种质。

Chromosome 3C of Aegilops triuncialis are of the ability to be transferred preferentially in the case of its monosomic status in wheat background. Whereas, those gametes without 3C would result in chromosome structural changes including deletion and translocation. Haynaldia villosa is reported to be resistant to several wheat diseases, such as powdery mildew, rust, take-all, eyespot, and wheat spindle streak mosaic viruses. Chromosome disomic addition lines involving all seven H, villosa chromosomes, disomic substitution lines involving chromosomes 4V have been developed and characterized. Eyespot and take-all resistance gene is mapped on chromosome 4VL. The objectives of this study were to develop more translocation lines involving chromosome 4V, and supply new germplasm for wheat breeding. Triticum aestivum-Haynaldia villosa 4V disomic addition line was crossed to T. aestivum ＂Norin 26＂-Ae. triuncialis 3C disomic addition line , and the hybrids F1 were then self pollinated. Both chromosome C-banding and fluorescent in situ hybridization （FISH） were applied to screen chromosome variations of 4V. In this case, total genomic DNA of H. villosa was labelled by fluoresceint-12-dUTP as probes and total genomic DNA of Chinese Spring as the block. One heterozygous translocation line involved in 4V and 4A （J176-33） was identified from F2, and a homozygous translocation line （CQZ55） was selected from the offspring of J176-33 and confirmed by chromosome pairing analysis at meiosis I of pollen mother cells （PMC）. The results of simple sequence repeat（SSR）and restriction fragment length polymorphism （RFLP） analyses indicated that CQZ55 is consisted of 4VS, a part of 4VL near the centromere and distal part of 4AL, and designated as T4VS·4VL-4AL. This translocation line showed high resistance to wheat spindle streak mosaic virus.