隔畦灌溉初步试验研究

Preliminary Experimental Study on Interval-border Irrigation

灌溉用水占我国社会总用水的60%左右。在各种灌溉方式中,地面灌溉占灌溉总面积的95%,其中畦灌又是地面灌溉的主要方法,因此研究畦灌中的节水措施对于发展农业节水具有重要意义。利用间隔畦灌溉的方法进行试验研究,并对结果进行统计、分析,得出如下初步结论:①隔畦灌溉比不设隔畦,单方灌水产量和水分生产率可提高15%和10%左右,田间日均耗水强度减少20%左右;②减产量与间隔宽度呈正比;③在1.0 m、1.2 m1、.4 m、1.6 m4种间隔情况下,间隔畦的宽度为1m时,单方灌水产量和水分生产率最高;④隔畦中的土壤含水量低于宽畦边的含水量,其差值随隔畦的宽度增加而增加。

The quantity of irrigation water is about 60% of the whole water-use quantity of China. The border irrigation is the main method of surface irrigation, which making up to 95 % of the total irrigation area. So it is very important to study the water-saving measures for border irrigation to develop water-saving agriculture. Through experiment, this paper has drawn the preliminary conclusions as following. Firstly, under interval-border irrigation, the yield of one cube-meter water and water productivity could be increased by 15% and 10% or so, and the optimal irrigation rate could be decreased about 20% than border irrigation. Secondly, the production decrease has direct proportion with the width of the interval. Thirdly, among the four intervals of 1.0m, 1. 2 m, 1.4 m and 1.6 m, the yield of one cube-meter water and water productivity are the highest when the interval is 1.0 m. Fourthly, the soil water content in the middle of the interval-border is lower than that in the side of irrigated border, and the difference increases with the increase of the interval width.