茶园土壤和茶树叶片农药残留量规律的探讨

The analysis of the pesticide residue in tea garden soil and tea leaves

对福建省１０８个有代表性的茶园有机氯农药六六六（ＢＨＣ）、滴滴涕（ＤＤＴ）残留量现状进行调查，共采茶树鲜叶、土样和背景土样３４４个．分析结果表明：（１）ＢＨＣ在茶树及土壤中分布均匀，且主要残留于土壤中，但均已自然降解到较低水平；ＤＤＴ主要残留于树体，茶树与土壤中的分布有明显差异．ＢＨＣ污染来自以往施药所致，ＤＤＴ污染主要是８０年代引起，ＤＤＴ残留量高于ＢＨＣ．（２）名贵品种种植园土壤ＤＤＴ残留量比一般品种园高，但其叶片农药残留量却比一般品种园低．（３）各品种茶树叶片及其种植土壤农药残留量均与树龄、海拔高度。

The pesticide residue conditions in 108 typical tea gardens have been investigated, 344 pieces of specimens (fresh tea leaves,soil and contrast soil) were picked up and analysed. The results were as follows. Benzene hexachloride (BHC) is uniformly distributed on the tea trees and in the soil and remains mainly in the soil, but its residue is weakened naturally. Dichloro diphenyl trichloroethane (DDT) remains mainly on tea trees. The BHC pollution is due to spraying over a long period of time, while the DDT pollution is caused by spraying pesticide on 1980′s. DDT residue is more than BHC . DDT residue in the soil where precious tea varieties such as Tieguanyin, Bensang and Huangdan grow is more than that in the soil where ordinary tea varieties grow, but the residue is less in the leaves of precious tea varieties than in ordinary ones. There are relations between the pesticide residue in the soil and leaves of different tea varieties and their tree ages, elevations and soil depths.