水稻湿润灌溉的节水效应研究

The effects of controlled moist condition irrigation on rice growth and water requirmemt

在能定量控制水分的模拟槽中，对水稻的生理生态需水进行了研究．结果表明：稻田的蒸散作用主要受水稻冠层的控制．同一生育阶段内，温度因子对蒸散作用有显著影响．１９９２年杭州市郊区早稻湿润灌溉的蒸散总量为３２３．２ｍｍ，日平均４．１ｍｍ，比对照减少０．２７ｍｍ．晚稻本田期蒸散总量为３９８．８ｍｍ，日平均为４．５ｍｍ，比对照减少０．３４ｍｍ．叶面蒸腾与叶面积指数呈正相关，早稻的相关系数为０．９６＊＊，晚稻为０．９７４＊＊．早稻的蒸腾系数为２３６，晚稻的蒸腾系数为２２３．淹灌处理的蒸散量比湿润处理高１０．３％，而节水处理的产量比淹灌高１０．５％

The ecological and physiological water requirement of rice production in different irrigation pattern was studied in concrete trough, which can determine the water quantity exactly. The result showed that the evapotranspiration of rice crop was mainly affected by the top leaf layer. There was a clear effect of temperature on evapotranspiration during a single stage and no effect between stages. From the experiment results of 1992 , the total evapotranspiration of early rice in controlled moist condition irrigation (CMCI) treatment in Hangzhou suburban was 323.2 mm, with daily consumption 4.1 mm that was 0. 27 mm less than that of CK. The total evapotransiration of late rice (except seedling stage) was 398.8 mm ,with daily consumption 4.5 mm that was 0.34 less than that of CK. There was corelationship between leaf transpiration and leaf area index, the correlation index was 0.96 ** for early rice and 0.974 ** for late rice. The transpiration coefficient of early rice was 236 and 223 for late rice. The water consumption of traditional irrigation pattern was 10.3% higher than that of CMCI treatment. The yield of CMCI treatment was 10.5% higher than that of traditional irrigation pattern.