作为“身体哲学”的中国哲学的历史

"Human body philosphy" as the philosophical history of China

与西方传统的意识性哲学不同,中国古代哲学乃为一种身体性哲学。该哲学不仅从身体出发以其突出的此在、性感和历时的性质而与西方哲学形成鲜明的对比,而且其哲学的整个历史亦循着一种迥异于西方哲学史的理路而展开。如果说西方哲学史是一我思之于我思对象不断逼近的线性论的历史的话,那么中国哲学史则体现为一根身的道体一辟一阖的循环论的历史。就其大的脉络而言,先秦哲学标志着身体的挺立,宋明哲学则意味着身体的退隐和与之相偕的心识的觉醒,而明清哲学则代表着向身体的回归的运动。这一中国哲学史的内在理路的揭示,既历史与逻辑一致地是对身体而非心体这一中国哲学本体的真正澄清,又对于我们把握整个人类哲学发展具有重要的启示意义。它以一种历史的辩证法为我们表明,正如西方的意识哲学的启蒙曾经极大地推动了人类的现代文明那样,在后现代日行日近的今天,对中国古老的“身体之书”的重新解读,也必将使中华文明再次为人类文明作出自己独特的贡献。

To understand the ancient Chinese philosophy of human body in a new way in modern times, methods of comparing analysis and conceptional deduction are adopted, The study shows：Unlike the traditional western consciousness philosophy,the ancient Chinese philosophy is a philosphy of human body, which, starting from human body, makes a distinct contrast with western philosophy in sensuality and time characteristics, and its whole philosophical history has been developing in a different way the western philosophical history develops. If the western philosophical history is said to be a history in which my thought on thought object is of linear character, the Chinese philosophical history embodies a circular history in body gestures. Generally speaking, the pre-Qin philosophy shows a body gesture of straightly standing. The philosphy of the Song - Ming Dynasties means recluse of one＇s body but awakening of mind in harmony. The philosophy of the Ming-Qing Dynasties represents retrogressive movements of body. This implied meaning shows history and logic make one＇s body not only one＇s mind beome clarified, which has an enlightening significance for us to understand the development of philosophical history of mankind. The historical dialectics of Chinese philosophy shows that the Chinese philosophy,like the western philosophy, has carried the human civilization forward and will make great contributions to it.