非球弹丸超高速撞击航天器防护结构数值模拟

Numerical simulation of non-spherical projectiles hypervelocity impact on spacecraft shield configuration

采用AUTODYN软件对非球弹丸超高速正撞击航天器单防护屏防护结构进行了数值模拟,给出了2维及3维模拟的结果。研究了在相同质量和速度的条件下,不同形状弹丸长径比、撞击方向等对超高速撞击防护结构所产生碎片云特性及舱壁损伤尺寸的影响,并与球形弹丸撞击所产生的碎片云及舱壁损伤进行了比较。结果表明:弹丸的长径比越大,弹丸的穿孔能力越强;非球弹丸的撞击方向不同,所产生的碎片云形状、质量分布、破碎的程度和穿孔的能力是不同的。

Numerical simulations of non-spherical projectiles hypervelocity impact on single bumper shield at normal angles were carried out using the SPH （smoothed particle hydrodynamics） technique of AUTODYN hydro-codes. The results of 2D and 3D simulation were given. Effects of projectile aspect ratios with different shapes and impact orientations, etc. on characteristics of debris cloud and module-wall damage sizes produced by hypervelocity impact on shield configuration were investigated with the same mass and velocity. Simulation results were compared with the characteristic of debris cloud and module-wall damage sizes created by spherical projectiles. It is shown that a projectile has a larger aspect ratio, it has a higher perforation capability; debris cloud shapes, mass distribution, fragmentation degree and perforation capability created by non-spherical projectiles are different with various impact orientations.