慢滑移及相关脉动和慢地震研究的历史和现状

Research Development and Perspective on Slow Slip, Tremors, and Slow Earthquakes

观测表明,慢滑移事件通常发生在活动断裂带内,为发震层之下的短暂滑移,能够造成地表的瞬态运动。与慢滑移密切相关的慢地震能够发射出频率在一定范围内的脉动信号,但不造成灾害性事件。慢滑移和慢地震很可能是断裂带上形变能释放的基本方式,其观测有可能为人们更深入地了解断裂带的动力学过程提供基础和依据。本文重点介绍近10年来关于慢地震和慢滑移事件的研究历史和现状。目前对慢滑移引发的地表形变和慢地震发射的脉动信号特征有了深入细致的研究,开展了对慢滑移的数值模拟和慢地震定位的研究;但对慢地震和慢滑移发生的位置、两者的关系以及物理机制等方面还存在很多争论和问题。

Seismological and geodesic observations indicate that slow slip, usually occurs in active fault zones beneath the seismogenic depth, and results in transient ground motion. Slow earthquakes, on the other hand, emit tremor-like signals within a narrow frequency band, and usually produce no catastrophic consequences. In general, slow slip and earthquakes probably correspond to deformation processes associated with releasing elastic energy in fault zones, and knowing their mechanisms may help improve our understandings on fault zone dynamic processes. This article reviews research progress on slow. slip and earthquakes in the last decade. Crustal motion and tremor activities associated with slow slip and earthquakes have been investigated extensively, mainly involving with numerical modeiing of slow slips and locating slow earthquakes. On the other hand, debates have been going on about the locations of slow slip and earthquakes, the relationship between them, and the mechanisms produced them.