乱世不倒翁冯道“私德圆满”、“大节缺失”辨正

Identifying and Rectifying the Evaluation that Feng Dao the Tumbler in Turbulent Times Satisfied his Own Morality and Lost the Loyalty to his Own Court

五代十国之际,冯道历五朝事十一主,传统史家以“忠臣不效二主”和“华夷之辨”为圭臬,忽视其时代特征,斥责冯道“私德圆满”、“大节缺失”,这一评价有失客观公允。

During the period of Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms in China, Feng Dao underwent five dynasties and served eleven kings. The traditional historians regard it as the accepted eriterion that a loyal court official would always serve only one king, and so they erlticize Feng Dao that he satisfied his own morality and lost the loyalty to his own court, which neglects the characteristics of the times and is unfair to him.