从“生命价值论”谈晚期癌症的理性治疗

Rational Medical Treatment of the Advanced Cancer

关于晚期癌症患者的治疗存在“过度治疗”和“放弃治疗”两种极端选择,“生命价值论”的观点既强调生的价值,也强调突出死的意义和维护死的尊严,因而引发出许多伦理学问题,其中包括晚期癌症患者到底该不该治疗以及该如何治疗的问题。晚期癌症的治疗不但可以延长生命、提高生存质量,而且也符合医学伦理学的要求,如果轻易放弃对晚期癌症患者进行治疗将产生诸多不良影响。晚期癌症患者的治疗原则应该是:以提高生存质量为目的,以减轻疼痛和加强营养支持为重点,同时兼顾人文心理关怀。

There are two extreme choices of ＂over- treatment＂ and ＂initially abandon the treatment＂ in the treatment of patients with advanced cancer. Rational treatment of advanced cancer has been brought to public attention. ＂The value of life view＂ places emphasis on value of life, and also highlights the significance of death and the dignity of death. This leads to many ethical issues that including whether patients with advanced cancer should receive the treatment or not and the degree for treatment. In my view, medical treatment for these patients can not only prolong their life expansion and improve their life quality, but also is consistent with the requirements of medical ethics. Initial abandoning medical treatment for patients with advanced cancer will result in many adverse consequences. Thus this article concludes that principle for patients with advanced cancer treatment should be to enhance quality of life, focusing on easing the pain while taking into account of humanistic psychological care.