大果沙棘杂交后代果实主要成分遗传变异倾向研究

Study on Hereditary Variation Trends of Fruit's Main Compositions the Seabuckthorn Crossed Progenies

本文以黑龙江省绥棱浆果研究所选育的“楚伊×蒙优1”、“楚伊×蒙优2”、“楚伊×蒙优3”、“楚伊×蒙优4”、“HS-21×蒙优1”、“HS-22×阿列伊”、“绥1×蒙优7”和“HS-20×阿列伊”8个大果沙棘杂交组合为研究对象,对杂交后代果实中糖、酸和黄色素成分的遗传变异倾向进行了初步研究。结果表明:以蒙古沙棘系列雄株为父本的杂交组合后代果实中糖含量呈低亲变异的趋向,以阿列伊为父本的杂交组合后代果实中糖含量在一定程度上呈高亲变异倾向。阿列伊作为父本优于蒙古沙棘系列雄株。“高糖”母本楚伊杂交组合的F1代株系果实中糖含量均呈现出衰退趋势。8个沙棘杂交组合后代果实中酸含量呈现一定程度的高亲变异。“HS-21×蒙优1”杂交组合后代果实中酸含量变异广泛。8个沙棘杂交组合后代果实中黄色素含量一定程度上亦呈高亲变异倾向。在“楚伊×蒙优4”杂交组合后代中进行选择,获得超亲株系的几率最大。

Adopting the chemical analysis of fruits collected from eight crossed progenies which are located in the Suiling Berry Research Institute, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the crossed progenies includes ＂chuyi × mengyou 1＂, ＂chuyi × mengyou 2＂, ＂chuyi ×mengyou 3＂, ＂chuyi × mengyou 4＂, ＂HS-21× mengyou 1＂, ＂HS-22× alieyi＂, ＂suiyi × mengyou 7＂, ＂HS-20 × alieyi＂ have been studied, such as the content variation trends of sugar, organic acid and yellow pigment in different crossed progenies. The results showed that the sugar content in the crossed off-springs＂ fruits took on the trends lower than the content of parents in the hy- brid combination which took the Mongo seabuckthorn as the male parent. Otherwise, taking the Alieyi as male parent, the sugar content in the crossed progenies fruits were higher than that of their own parents. So the male parent is important for seabuckthorn berries sugar, acid and yellow pigment contents. Alieyi was superior to Mongo seabuckthorn serial male trees. ＂Chuyi＂ was ＂high sugar＂ female parent. At some extent, acid content in eight crossed progenies＂ fruits took on higher trends compared with their parents, and the variation of acid content in generation of ＂HS-21 ×mengyou 1＂ was wide. The same trends happened for the yellow pigment content as organic acid in eight crossed progenies＂ fruit of the seabuckthorn. It was with the highest probability for fine plants selection from off-springs of ＂Chuyi × mengyou 4＂ .