水土流失的景观生态分析

Landscape ecological analysis of soil erosion

水土流失是一个严峻的资源环境和生态问题。了解景观基质和格局与水土流失的关系,将有助于水土保持措施的定量设计和发展有效的景观恢复技术。文章分析了景观基质与景观格局,特别是人类活动影响下的景观格局变化对水土流失的影响;通过对水土流失的景观尺度分析,以及相关研究方法与手段的比较。最后提出,在流域和区域尺度上,利用遥感技术和分布式土壤侵蚀模型技术,建立干扰压力下景观格局时空变化对水土流失影响的预警系统的构想。

Soil erosion is a serious resource and environmental problem. It had caused ecosystem degradation and regional environmental disaters, and seriously affeted the sustainable development of society and economy in large areas. So, it is necessary to establish water and soil protection methodology and technology. Understanding the infuence of landscape matrix and pattern on the soil erosion is useful to set up the protective measures. The impacts of landscape matrix and landscape pattern on soil erosion, especially the impact of those changes under human activities were analyzed. By analyzing the landscape scale of soil erosion and comparing related research methods, a technical framework was suggested, which comes from the remote sensing application and distributed hydrological and soil erosion models. [ Ch, 64 ref. ]