珠芽紫堇的生殖生态学研究Ⅰ.传粉生态学

REPRODUCTIVE ECOLOGY OF CORYDALIS SHEARERI VAR.BULBILLIFERA (PAPAVERACEAE) ——Ⅰ. Pollination Ecology

连续３年的野外观察和室内实验结果表明：珠芽紫堇（Ｃｏｒｙｄａｌｉｓｓｈｅａｒｅｒｉｖａｒ．ｂｕｌｂｉｌｉｆ－ｅｒａＨａｎｄ．－Ｍａｚｚ．）的有性生殖为兼性自花受精．其自花受精是对开花期间持续降雨导致传粉者限制的适应．保证自花受精的内部因素有闭花传粉、自交亲和及内轮花瓣顶端合生．晴天，闭花传粉则变为异花传粉中的花粉次级呈现．其传粉昆虫是柳分舌蜂（Ｃｏｌｅｔｅｓｃｕｒｎｉｃｕｌａｒｉｓ），传粉主要发生在异株异花间．山小地花蜂（Ｐａｎｕｒｇｉｎｕｓｍｏｕｎｔａｉｎｓ）为蜜腺抢劫蜂，干扰传粉者的采访．受精后花冠仍不凋谢，花粉生活力也无明显下降，持续时间约占整个花期的１／４至１／３．笔者为了解释这一特殊现象。

The pollination ecology of Corydalis sheareri var. bulbillifera (Papaveraceae),a spring flowering perennial herb, was studied over a 3 year period in Yue lu Mountain of Changsha.Our results show that this species is facultatively autogamous and its mating system deponds on the weater during the blooming season.Its autogamy adapts to rainy weather in which the pollinators are not available. The innate factors responsible for its autogamy are cleisto pollination, self compatibility and connection of the inner petals. On fine days the cleisto pollination becomes secondary pollen prerentaion in cross pollination. The pollinator is Colletes cunicularis of which the pollination is xenogamy. After the fertilization, the corolla remains showy and viability of fhe pollens does not decline. In an attempt to explain auch a phenomenon.We present two nonexclusive hypotheses: the pollinator attracion hypothsis and the male function hypothesis.