东北梅花鹿卵泡发育的显微结构

Microstructure of Follicular Development of Northeast Sika Deer

为揭示雌性东北梅花鹿的生殖机理提供组织依据，利用光学显微镜观察7只成年东北梅花鹿卵巢的组织结构和卵泡的发育过程，同时利用目镜测微尺和显微照相技术分别对60个原始卵泡、60个初级卵泡、25个次级卵泡、34个三级卵泡和3个成熟卵泡及透明带厚度进行测量和拍照。结果表明，东北梅花鹿卵巢组织也是由生殖上皮、白膜、皮质和髓质构成；皮质部在卵巢的外周，但间质腺不发达；髓质位于皮质深层，分布有较多的血管。卵泡在发育过程中，各级卵母细胞和卵泡的直径差异较大，卵泡和卵母细胞的生长呈双向生长；透明带物质出现于3～4层卵泡细胞包围卵母细胞时；卵泡闭锁发生于卵泡生长的各个时期，主要表现为卵母细胞和卵泡细胞的形态变化，有两种形式；三级卵泡的闭锁过程分为早期、中期和后期3个阶段。

Seven female sika deer were used to explore the histological structure of ovary and follicular development with light and electron microscopes. At the same time, 60 primordial follicle, 60 primary follicle, 25 secondary follicle, 34 vesicular follicle and 3 mature follicle and the thickness of zona pellucida were used to measured and have a picture taken by technology of ocular micrometer and micrography. The results showed： ovary tissue consisted of germinal epithelium, tunica albuginea, cortex and medulla; cortex was outside the ovary, but interstitial glands could not be seen a lot. Medulla was located in deep-seated cortex with a lot of blood vessel. During follicular development, diameter of all levels oocytes and follicle was quite difference. The growth of follicle cells and oocytes showed itself bidirectional, zona pellucida locally formed when oocytes surrounded by follicle cells which consisted of three to four layers. Follicular atresia occur during every period of follicular development. The mainly form was the change of shape of oocytes and follicular cell with two kinds of way. The tertiary follicle＇ s atresia included early, advanced and late these three stages.