东北暴雨的研究

Advances in the Study of Rainstorm in Northeast China

系统性研究东北暴雨将提高对东北灾害性天气的认识,有利于加深对中国暴雨的全面研究。对我国气象工作者在东北暴雨研究方面的工作进行了综述,并回顾了影响东北暴雨的几类主要天气系统,分别为气旋、台风、冷涡,着重回顾了在过去几十年中东北冷涡暴雨方面研究的进展。指出目前待解决的问题是:影响东北地区台风暴雨强度、分布及转向问题;东北冷涡的内部结构特征及其发生发展的物理机制、东北冷涡下中尺度对流系统的结构特征与暴雨的关系;引发东北地区强暴雨过程的水汽源地等问题。这些问题需要通过今后深入和细致的加密观测分析研究,以及利用长时间卫星遥感观测资料和雷达资料的论证才能逐渐认识清楚。

A Systemic study of the rainstorm in Northeast China will improve the understanding of severe weather in Northeast China, and will also enhance the entire research on the rainstorm in China. A summary of recent achievements of the rainstorm research is briefly depicted. A basic review of several major weather systems which cause the rainstorm in Northeast China such as cyclone, typhoon, cold vortex is made. In particular, the cold vortex and the associated rainstorm are mainly reviewed. Some problems remaining to be resolved are pointed out as follows ： the intensity, distribution and movement of the typhoon which causes the rainstorm in Northeast China ; the inside structure, the physical mechanisms of occurrence and development of the Northeast China cold vortex in China; and the structure features of mesoscale convective systems associated to the Northeast China cold vortex and their relationship with rainstorm and the vapor sources causing heavy rainstorm. To solve the above-mentioned problems, it is necessary to conduct more and more observational analysis and modeling studies by using long-term high-resolution observational data and long-term remote sensing data （e. g. , satellite and radar data） in the future.