有关法律关系客体的三个问题

On Three Aspects of Object of Legal Relationship

法律关系的客体是一个国内外法学界长期争论不休的问题。虽然在“法律关系客体是指法律关系主体的权利义务所指向的对象”的概念上能够取得广泛一致,但对其范围却各执一词。之所以出现这种状况的原因在于对概念中三个关键词“法律关系主体”、“权利义务”及“指向”的不同理解上。通过深入分析这三个关键词,可以得出“行为”“利益”都不是法律关系的客体、而义务主体在一定条件下可以转换为法律关系客体的结论。

Legal Relation Object is a concept which causes quarrel between legalists home and abroad. Though the definition that legal relation object is the target of the subject＇ s right and obligation win legalists＇ common consent , there exist various opinions about scope of legal relation object , which is caused by legalists＇ different understandings of three key words legal relation subject , right and obligation , pointing that is in the definition of legal relation object . Through a deeply analysis of three key words , we can reach a conclusion that both behavior and benefit are not one of legal relation object and obligation subject can be transformed into right subject in certain conditions .