梁启超论教育宗旨

Liang Qichao's Expounding on the Aim of Education

梁启超是近代中国最早关注教育宗旨问题的学者。甲午之战后,他从救亡图存出发,提出了“以政学为主义,艺学为附庸”的办学方针,强调对改革急需的政治人才的培养。戊戌变法后,高举培养“新民”的大旗,率先对中国近代教育宗旨问题进行了理论上的阐发。“五.四”运动后,又提出发展“圆满人格”、“学做现代人”的教育方针,倡导以人格教育为核心的“三达德”教育。他对教育宗旨问题的不懈探索和大力倡导,突破了传统教育思想的束缚,推进了精英教育向社会教育的转变,更重要的是他已关注到现代教育的真谛,即人格教育问题。所有这一切,都不同程度地影响和推进了中国教育近代化的发展历程。

Liang Qichao was the leading scholar who paid high attention to the aim of education in modern China. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894-1895,for the sake of saving the nation from extinction, Mr. Liang put forward a new guiding principle to run a school , namely ＂Politics as major while technique as subsidiary＂. This apparently revealed his emphasis on the fostering of political talents. Later after the Hundred Days Reform, with ＂fostering new people＂ as his rallying point, Mr. Liang took the lead to elaborate theoretically on the aim of education in modern China. When the May 4th Movement came to an end, he posed another educational guiding principle, i.e., ＂to develop man＇s consummate character＂ ,and ＂to be modern people＂. Meanwhile he proposed the ＂Three virtues＂ education with the education of man＇s character as a core. All of the mentioned above, to some extent, drove ahead the development of modern Chinese education.