现代中国史学专业机构的建制与运作

The Organizational System and Operation of Modern Chinese Historiography Institutions

现代中国史学研究机构之建构,无疑是受西方近代科学及其学术制度影响的结果。它酝酿于清末,兴起于民国初年,几经曲折,至上世纪二三十年代渐确立起基本框架与运作模式。纵观其时国内的史学研究机构,其形式虽参差不一,基本类型则不出两种范围,即国家行政建制与高校建制。此两种建制,在工作目标、运作模式和功能上,各有特点,同时又相互影响。按“现代性”要求对其建制理念与实践作一审视,探其渊源,较其异同得失,采其长而避其短,对于推进和完善今日学术制度建设,营造良好的人文学术研究氛围,当不为无益。

The construction of modern Chinese historiography institutions has been undoubtedly influenced by modern western science and its academic system.The historiography institutions in China fall into two basic types:the executive organizational system and college organizational system.The two systems have different features in objectives,operational modes and functions,but they also influence each other.It is beneficial if we examine the origins of the two systems and compare them according to the requirements of modernity so that we could promote the construction of academic system and create a better academic atmosphere.