牛心朴子草抑制植物病毒活性成分安托芬的室内和田间活性测定

Antiviral Activity of Antofine from Cynanchum komarovii

首次发现广泛分布于我国西北旱沙荒漠地带的牛心朴子草提取物中生物碱部位对危害极大的烟草花叶病毒具有很高的抑制活性,经生物活性跟踪与色谱分离,结构鉴定确认主要活性成分是安托芬。安托芬在1mg/L质量浓度下对烟草花叶病毒的抑制率高达60%。活体植株抗病毒活性的毒力测定结果表明,安托芬对活体植株烟草花叶病毒和活体植株马铃薯Y病毒具有很高的抑制活性,如安托芬在9mg/L的质量浓度下对活体植株烟草花叶病毒和活体植株马铃薯Y病毒的抑制率分别高达75%和80%。田间小区试验结果表明,牛心朴子草的效果明显好于两个对照药剂宁南霉素和病毒A,对烟草的生长发育无不良影响。

With the aim of searching antiviral substances to tobacco mosaic virus （TMV）, we have found that alkaloid extracts from Cynanchum komarovii wildly distributed in the northwest part of the People＇s Republic of China show excellent antiviral activity against TMV. Using a bioassay directed fractionation approach, we have found that antofine is present as the primary content of the alkaloid. The results using a half-leaf method indicate that antofine has 60% inhibitory activity even at the concentration of 1 mg/L. Moreover, antofine exhibits excellent in vivo curative efficacies against TMV and PVY, for example, antofine shows 75% and 80% in vivo inhibition respectively at the concentration of 9 mg/L. Field experiments indicate that antofine has significantly better anti-TMV activities than ningnanmycin and virus A, and shows no crop phytotoxicity.