巢湖流域旱涝时空特性分析

Analysis of the Spatial-Temporal Characteristics of Flood and Drought in Chaohu Basin

利用巢湖流域14个站点39年（1961-2000年）的降水观测资料,采用Z指数作为旱涝指标,运用地理信息系统（GIS）等方法,对巢湖流域汛期旱涝的时空变化特征进行了分析探讨,其结果表明：巢湖流域旱涝灾害十分频繁,旱涝灾害发生的频率和降水量呈现正相关关系,具有阶段性和周期性等特性,空间分布上存在一定的结构性,巢湖流域北部为易旱易涝区,西部为易旱区,东南部、南部是易涝区,中北部是不易旱易涝区。

Based on the precipitation data of the 14 observing stations in Chaohu basin from 1961 to 2000, the spatial-temporal characteristics of precipitation in flood season are analyzed with the method of Z index and GIS. The results show that flood and drought disasters in Chaohu basin are frequent. There exists a positive correlation between the frequency of flood and drought and the precipitation. Flood and drought are periodicity. Their spatial distribution indicates a certain structure. The northern part of Chaohu basin is prone to flood and drought. The western part is prone to drought. The south-eastern and southern parts are vulnerable to flood. The northern central part is exposed to flood, instead of drought.