肉仔鸡胴体和羽毛蛋白的氨基酸组成模式

Amino acid profiles of carcass and feather in broiler chickens

为了确立肉仔鸡胴体和羽毛蛋白的氨基酸组成模式,分别选用0,14,28,42日龄的Arbor Acres公母肉仔鸡各6只,颈骨错位致死后分离羽毛和胴体,将胴体和羽毛分别加工处理,测定其粗蛋白质及各种氨基酸含量,并将各种氨基酸含量表示为占粗蛋白质百分比的形式。结果表明,性别对肉仔鸡胴体和羽毛蛋白的氨基酸组成没有影响(P>0.05);除胴体蛋白中天冬氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、赖氨酸、色氨酸和羽毛蛋白中天冬氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、胱氨酸、缬氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸外,日龄对胴体和羽毛蛋白其他氨基酸组成模式均有显著影响(P<0.05),胴体蛋白中苏氨酸、丝氨酸、谷氨酸、胱氨酸、蛋氨酸、亮氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、组氨酸、精氨酸、脯氨酸和羽毛蛋白中苏氨酸、甘氨酸、丙氨酸、酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、精氨酸和脯氨酸组成模式在14,28和42日龄间均无显著差异(P>0.05)。而胴体蛋白中缬氨酸、异亮氨酸和羽毛蛋白中蛋氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸和色氨酸组成模式在不同日龄间差异均达显著水平(P<0.05)。综合考虑认为,以14,28和42日龄的平均值作为确立肉仔鸡胴体和羽毛蛋白氨基酸模式的依据。

Six male and six female Arbor Acres birds were selected to be killed by cervical dislocation at 0,14,28 and 42 day, respectively. After carcass and feather were separated and treated respectively, crude protein and amino acid contents in carcass and feather were determined and various Amino acid contents were expressed as the percentage of crude protein. The results of statistics showed that sex had no effect on amino acid profile of carcass and feather protein. Except Asp, Gly, Ala, Lys, Trp of carcass and Asp, Ser, Glu,Cys, Val, Ile, Leu of feather, other amino acids of carcass and feather were influenced by age （P〈 0.05） ,but differences were not observed in Thr,Ser,Glu,Cys,Met,Leu, His,Arg,Tyr,Phe,Pro of carcass and Thr,Gly,Ala,Tyr,Phe,Arg,Pro of feather among 14,28,and 42 day-old（P〉0.05）. There were significant differences in Val, Ile of carcass and Met, Lys, His, Trp of feather between various days（P〈0.05）. In view of the above results,amino acid profiles of carcass and feather of broiler chickens could be decided according to the mean of 14,28,42 day-old.