异种骨支架材料的制备及其理化性能

Preparation,mechanical and chemical properties of xenogeneic bone tissue engineering scaffold

目的:对比观察猪骨支架材料与同种异体骨支架材料的理化性能及力学性能。方法:实验于2006-03/12在南方医科大学人体解剖教研室(暨南方医科大学临床解剖学研究所和广东省组织构建与检测重点试验室)完成。实验材料:低温深冻6个月的6只成年猪(雌雄各3只)和4具新鲜健康成人尸体(男女各2具,由广州市红十字会南方医科大学遗体捐献接收点提供,家属知情同意)髂骨。实验方法:剔除软组织,刮除骨髓和骨膜,用锯骨机将松质骨切成5mm×5mm×40mm左右的骨条,超声清洗、H2O2和乙醇浸泡、甩干、冻干、辐照处理得到异种骨支架材料和同种异体骨支架材料。实验评估:①对2种材料进行扫描电镜观察。②对比2种材料孔隙率、蛋白质和钙磷含量及力学性能。结果:①扫描电镜观察结果:2种材料均具有骨本身的骨小梁、小梁间隙及骨内管腔系统,具有天然网状结构。三维支架系统形态完整。其中猪源性异种骨支架材料较人同种异体骨支架材料具有更多的三维孔隙,2种材料的孔隙大小接近,均在400μm左右。②材料蛋白质、钙磷含量及力学性能检测结果:异种骨支架材料的孔隙率高于同种异体骨[(57.20±1.37)%,(53.21±1.63)%,P<0.005],但蛋白含量低于同种异体骨[(23.36±0.48)%,(26.50±0.23)%,P<0.005],钙、磷含量与同种异体骨比较差异无显著性[钙:(1.7×105),(1.8×105)μg/g;磷:(1.0×105),(1.0×105)μg/g],2种材料弹性模量差异无显著性。结论:猪源性异种骨支架材料在理化性能方面与人骨支架材料极相近,可为骨细胞的生成提供基本的保证。

AIM： To evaluate and compare the mechanical and chemical properties between swine bone scaffold and xenogeneic bone scaffold used in tissue engineering. METHODS： The experiment was performed at the Department of Human Anatomy, Southern Medical University （Institute of Clinical Anatomy, Southern Medical University and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Tissue Construction and Detection） from March to December in 2006. Experiment materials included Ultralow temperature freezing 6-month iliac bone of 6 adult swine （3 for either gender） and 4 fresh health adult human cadavers （2 for either gender, Remains Contribution Station of Southem Medical University, Red Cross Society of Guangdong Province, with all the relatives＇ informed consents）. The cancellous bones, after deleting soft tissues and removing periosteum, were prepared into bone strips which were 5 mm×5 mm×40 mm in size. Ultrasonic cleaning, H2O2 and alcohol soaking, freeze drying and radiation treatment were processed to obtain xenogeneic bone scaffold and allogeneic bone scaffold. Then their factor of porosity was observed by scanning electron microscope, and the contents of protein, Ca and P, the mechanical properties of two kinds of materials were also examined. RESULTS： （1）Scanning electron microscope results： Both xenogeneic bone scaffold and allogeneic bone scaffold had intrinsical bone trabecula, trabecular spaces, bone cavity system, and natural three-dimension （3D） network structure. The 3D supporting frame of them was complete. The xenogeneic bone scaffold had more spaces than allogeneic bone scaffold. The size of both scaffolds was approximate, about 400 μm. （2）The interval porosity of xenogeneic bone scaffold was higher than that of allogeneic bone scaffold [（57.20＋1.37）%, （53.21＋1.63）%, P 〈 0.005]. And the protein content of xenogeneic bone scaffold was lower than that of allogeneic bone scaffold [（23.36＋0.48）%, （26.50＋0.23）%, P 〈 0.005]. There was no significant difference in the contents of Ca and P between xenogeneic bone scaffold and allogeneic bone scaffold （Ca：1.7×10^5μg/g, 1.8×10^5μg/g; P：1.0×10^5μg/g, 1.0x×10^5μg/g）. The Young＇s modulus of xenogeneic bone scaffold and allogeneic bone scaffold were also identical statistically. CONCLUSION： Swine xenogeneic bone scaffold is similar with human bone scaffold in mechanical and chemical properties, guarantying the formation of osteoblasts.