西方自然法学理论的当代走向分析

From Tradition to Contemporary:An Analysis of the Theoretical Transformation of Western Natural Law School

从古希腊到19世纪,西方自然法传统不曾中断,但在19世纪,因受到实证主义法学、历史法学和哲理法学的质疑而一度衰落。进入20世纪后,自然法学又恢复了声誉,但当代新自然法学并不是对传统的简单重复,而是出现了新的走向。在自然法的理论重心、认识路径、基本准则和有效性等基本问题上,当代新自然法学家通过理论变革与创新,实现了从传统到当代的转变,从而使当代自然法学摆脱传统困境而获得了新的生命力。

The western tradition of natural law had not been interrupted from ancient Greece untill the 19th century. But it fell into a decline in the 19th century because of challenges from positivist jurisprudence, historical law and transcendental philosophy of law. Natural law school regained its good reputation in the 20th century. However, the contemporary natural law theory is not a repetition of the tradition, but shows some new trends of development. Contemporary new naturalistic jurists through theoretical reform and innovation on some fundamental issues such as the theoretical emphasis, the cognitive route, the basic criterion and validity of natural law, have enabled the natural law theory to rid itself of the traditional theoretical dilemma and gain new vitality.