25个优良温带玉米自交系与4个热带玉米自交系农艺性状的配合力研究

Studies on Combining Ability of Agronomic Characteristics Between Temperate and Tropical Maize Inbred Lines

采用NCⅡ设计对25个优良温带玉米自交系和4个热带自交系配制100个杂交组合,在云南省3种不同生态环境下对这些杂交组合进行农艺性状和产量配合力分析。结果表明,温带自交系郑58、K1218是综合性状配合力十分优良的自交系;铁7922、辽3180是综合性状配合力优良的自交系;自330、丹340、云147、81515、西502等是综合性状配合力比较优良的自交系。热带自交系单株产量GCA效应值YML146>YML145>CML171>CML166,温带系×Suwan1和温带系×Tuxpeno是主要的杂种优势模式。将4个热带自交系分别用TA(热带硬粒型)和TB(热带马齿型)来表示,有以下几种类型:①某温带自交系×TA为强优势组合,同一温带自交系×TB也是强优势组合;②某温带自交系×TA为强优势组合,同一温带自交系×TB是弱优势组合;③某温带自交系×TA为弱优势组合,同一温带自交系×TB也是弱优势组合。

25 temperate maize inbred lines were crossed with four tropical inbred lines by NC 11 mating design in the study. The 100 crosses were evaluated in three different environments of Yunnan province. The main results of this study showed that the temperate lines Zhen58 ,K1218 ,Tie7922 and Liao3180 gave excellent combining ability. Estimates of GCA value among 4 tropical inbred lines for yield were YML146〉YML145〉CML171〉CML166. The main heterotic patterns were sorted out temperate lines x Suwanl, temperate lines x Toxpeon. TA and TB respectively referred the tropical flint inbred lines and tropical dent inbred lines, and the main results of this study were： （1）one temperate line × TA was high heterosis, the temperate line × TB was high heterosis, too. （2）one temperate line × TA was high heterosis, but the temperate line × TB was low heterosis. （3）one temperate line × TA and the temperate line × TB were all low crosses.