21个玉米自交系主要性状及杂优类群分析

Studies on Main Traits and Heterotic Group of 21 Maize Inbred Lines

采用表型性状分析与分子标记方法对21个玉米自交系主要农艺、经济性状及杂优类群进行研究。结果表明,供试自交系主要性状基因型间存在真实的差异,但多数性状同时受播种季节和基因型与播种季节互作的影响较大。供试材料中,中秆中产型自交系所占比例较大,高秆高产型和中秆高产型自交系所占比例较小,矮秆自交系无一属于高产型。综合分析表明,6054、6070、48-2、6057和RP128属主要农艺、经济性状综合表现较优的自交系。SSR标记分析表明,供试自交系间的遗传距离变幅为0.51～0.91,平均遗传距离为0.71±0.0181,按UPGMA法进行聚类可将其划分为5个类群,其中自交系P14可能属于新的杂优类群。

The objects of this study were to analyze agronomic and economic traits of 21 maize inbred lines through phenotypics characterization analysis, then analyzed their heterotic groups by molecular markers. The results showed that the differences of the main traits existed in genotype. Most of traits were impacted by the seed-season and genotype × seed-season. The proportion of the type of middle stem and middle yield is bigger. Both the type of tall stem and high yield and type of middle stem and high yield had smaller proportions in all of inbred lines, and any of the short stem inbred lines belong to high yield type. Through comprehensive analysis it showed that lines-of 6054, 6070, 48-2, 6057and RP128 were outstanding in agronomic and economic traits in all of inbred lines. The results of SSR markers showed that genetic distance among the 21 inbred lines ranged from 0.51 - 0.91, the average genetic distance is 0.71 ± 0.0181. According to each of their genetic distance, the maize inbred lines were divided into 5 heterotic groups, and line P14 maybe belong to new heterotic group.