彼此彼此:翻译研究中必然遭遇的第三项

本文从寒暄语“彼此彼此”入手，试图运用日常闲谈、哲学、诗歌以及修辞学中的常见语言材料，以类推的手法，就翻译中浑然一体、彼此不分的“第三项”展开讨论。论文认为，常见的套语甚至客套话，可以为翻译研究提供最基本的视角。而“彼此彼此”这一表达方式更能显现出翻译研究打破极端的历史要求：破坏了两极的对立，才会存在翻译。这意味着，我们首先应打破二元论这种思维模式的束缚，进入一种开放的空间。其次，翻译本身还要求我们以自我认同的态度面对他者，将其视为“我”的“另一个”。再次，在不设定界限的情况下，“彼此彼此”已经形成翻译本身的始源，即仍然处于未及分解状态中翻译的可能性。最后，“彼此彼此”的诗意散发，类同于人生存的基本状态：总是超出“彼此”的二分或界定，使人在回返于起源的途中体味翻译的指向。

Starting from ＂so must you＂ （彼此彼此）, an expression used in the Chinese phatic communion, this paper is intended to use the linguistic materials concerned in casual talk, philosophy, poetry and rhetoric to probe into the question of ＂the third term＂, integrated and undistinguishable in translation, by means of analogy. It is argued that daily useges and even pleasantries of language can offer some fundamental perspective for translation studies,and that such an expression as ＂so must you＂particularly reveals the necessity to break out of the dualities,which brings translation into being. First of all, having shaken off the shatters of dualism it helps to ensure the entrance into an open space. Secondly,translation itself asks for the identification of ＂the other＂in seeing the latter as ＂my other＂. Thirdly,as far as there is no predetermined limit,＂so must you＂ has been turned into the origin of translation,that is,its yet-to-be-divided condition. Finally,the poetic effusions of ＂so must you＂are analogous to the basic existential conditions of human beings： ever going beyond the limits of dualism and division points to the intention of translation in its return to the origin of human life,which claims for a rethinking of man.