勒维纳斯和利科的伦理学的异同

法国现代哲学把伦理学作为一个核心问题。在现象学的框架之下,勒维纳斯和利科重新思考了主体的自由及其责任。该文简单地介绍这两位哲学家的基本观念。勒维纳斯比较强调个人对他人的无限伦理责任,而利科更强调美德,把它当作为伦理生活的出发点。虽然这些伦理立场不同而很难协调,可是它们都提供很必要的资源来思考现代伦理生活所面的困境和它的未来的可能。

French contemporary philosophy considers moral philosophy as a central issue. Fol- lowing the methods of phenomenology, Emmanuel Lévinas and Paul Ricoeur have reconsidered the freedom of the subject and his moral responsibility. This article presents briefly the fundamental conceptions of those two philosophers. While Levinas has stressed the unlimited responsibility of oneself toward other, Ricoeur has emphasized that virtue should be the starting point of moral life. Despite those differences and the difficulty to harmonize those two positions, they still provide necessary resources to think over the traps of modem moral life and the possibility to overcome them.