冀西北间山盆地区景观动态变化研究

Study on Dynamic Change of Landscape in the Basin of Northwest Hebei Mountains

冀西北间山盆地区位于北京市的上风地带,是京西北重要的生态屏障,其景观变化直接影响到北京市的环境质量。基于1987年和2000年两期Landsat TM影像,采用遥感和地理信息系统相结合的技术方法,结合景观分析软件Fragstats3.3,对冀西北间山盆地区13年来景观变化进行了动态研究。结果发现:(1)研究区林地、草地等生态用地数量减少,其他用地不同程度的增加。景观主导类型以耕地、林地、草地为主,景观结构基本没有变化。(2)景观变化主要集中于耕地、林地、草地之间的相互转化,在空间上主要分布于山地丘陵与盆地、河川的交接地带。(3)人类的非理性行为大于理性行为,生态系统结构和功能处于“局部改善、整体恶化”状态。(4)景观异质性和多样性上升,稳定性加强,人类活动对研究区景观变化的干扰程度也在加剧。

The basin of Northwest Hebei mountains locates in the windward regions and can be regarded as the important ecological shelter zone of Northwest Beijing city, whose change of landscape will directly influence the environmental quality of Beijing city. Using RS and GIS technology based on Landsat TM data of 1987 and 2000, integrating with landscape analysis software Fragstats3.3,the dynamic change of landscape in the basin of Northwest Hebei mountains during the past 13 years is made. The main results reveal that：1） Forestland and grassland and other ecological land had been reduced while others increased to different extent. The dominant type of landscape mainly includes cultivated land, forestland and grassland and its structure has almost no changes. 2） The alternate transformation of cultivated land, forestland and grassland are the focus in the change of landscape. And the change is distributing in the mountains and the contact area between mountains and basins or rivers. 3） The non-rational act exceeds the rational act of people. The structure and function of ecosystem are in the state of getting worse and worse with the exception of some small areas being improved. 4） The heterogeneity and diversity of landscape are increased, the landscape stability enhanced. And the interference degree of landscape change by people is being aggravated.