第二松花江源头区生态可持续发展对策研究

The Investigation of the Second Songhua River's Source Area Ecological Sustainable Development and Countermeasure

松花江水系是我国重要地表水系之一,该流域占吉林省总土地面积的71.8%,而其第二松花江的源头区正处于吉林省长白山自然保护区内,河道长255.7 km,集水面积18 724 km2,整个江段位于长白山山地,生态环境很脆弱,恶化趋势仍未遏制,给第二松花江源头区水源地污染带来了重大影响;区内生物多样性遭到严重破坏;水土流失趋于严重;特别是长白山北坡,垃圾、污水、粪便等,已使“三江之源”的天池和松花江上游二道白河造成污染。从第二松花江的生态环境现状分析入手,初步探讨了第二松花江源头区生态环境可持续发展对策,为江河水源地保护和治理提出了初步治理建议。

The Songhua River water system is the one important surface water systems of our country, this basin＇s area is the 71.8 percent of the Jilin Province, and the second Songhua River＇s source area is in the Jilin Province Changbai mountain nature protection area, its river course is 255. 7 km long, the water collecting area is 18724 km^2 , the entire section is located in the Changbai mountain, the ecological environment is very fragile, the worsened tendency has not been kept within limits, it has brought greal influence on the second Songhua River source area; In the area the biodiversity encounters the serious destructiom Soil erosion tends to seriously; Specially in the north of Changbai mountain slope, garbage, sewage, excrement and so on, has caused the pollution of “sources of the three rivers”——Tianchi and the upper course of Songhua River— Erdaobai River. From present situation analysis of the second Songhua River＇s ecological environment, the countermeasure of second Songhua River source area ecological environment sustainable development is discussed, the advice for the river water source area＇s protection and management is put forward.