北京市典型沙地景观动态变化分析——以康庄为例

Analysis on Dynamic Landscape Changes of Typical Sand in Beijing City——A Case Study of Kangzhuang as Typical Damage Regions

本研究通过选取北京典型沙地-康庄为研究对象,借助遥感技术、地理信息系统技术、全球定位技术、景观生态学理论和相关数学研究方法,对康庄80年代、90年代和2000年以后3三时期的景观动态进行分析和比较。从80年代至今,康庄沙化土地景观类型发生巨大变化。露沙地面积大幅度减少,由2117.03 hm^2减少到1 249.65hm^2减少了59.03%。通过选取相关景观指数对研究区景观类型进行分析可知,康庄风沙危害区先增加后减缓;对研究区景观类型的变化的分析表明,变化的原因与研究区所处地理位置,社会经济发展背景和人为干扰、政策导向密切相关。对影响研究区景观动态变化的主要因素分析可知,研究区主要受自然和人为两种条件影响最大。自然因素中,沙化土地变化主要与地形地貌、地表物质、降雨、温度、大风、水文条件等因素关系较密切;人为因素中,主要受人口增长、农业结构调整、林业工程实施和社会经济发展背景等因素的影响。

In virtue of the Remote Sense Technology, Geography and Information Systems Technology, Global Localization Technology, landscape ecological theory and some mathematic analysis methods ,the authors analyze and compare the landscape dynamic process in 1980s, 1990s and three periods after 2000,in Kangzhuang,as a typical damage regions. Since 1980s, Kangzhuang has experienced great change, the bare sandy land area decreased greatly, from 2 117. 03 hm^2 to 1 249.65 hm^2, the proportion is 59.03% By selecting landscape indexes,to analyze landscape types in the studied area, aggravating at first and then slowing up in Kangzhuang sand and wind damage region, which were nearly related to the geography location of studied area, social economic development background, man-made interference and policy guidance. By analyzing the major factors influencing landscape dynamic change, the important factors are nature and artificial factors. In the nature factors, the sandy land change has more close correlation with terrain and topographical features, surface substance, precipitation, temperature, gale and hydrographic factor. And it is mainly affected by the artificial factors such as population incensement, agriculture structure adjustability, the implement of forest engineering and social economic development background and so on.