典型生态脆弱区土地利用/覆被变化过程研究——以宁夏南部山区为例

The Process Study of LUCC in Typical Vulnerable Ecological Region——A Case of the Mountain Areas of Southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

为了获得宁夏南部山区的土地利用/覆被变化（LUCC）情况,以1975、1987和2001年的Landsat MSS/TM影像为数据源,利用遥感和地理信息系统技术,通过解译分类得到研究区三期土地利用的原始数据,并以此数据计算出研究区的LUCC幅度、动态度及状态指数。研究结果表明,在1975-1987年间,耕地大量转入,草地、林地和水体大量转出,LUCC处于不平衡状态。而在1987-2001年间,草地、林地、水体开始转入,耕地开始转出,LUCC也处于不平衡状态。在1975-2001年的整个研究期中,除城市用地和未利用地一直处于增长外,其他LUCC类型都呈曲线变化,总体处于平衡状态。

The study of LUCC process is an important part of LUCC study. For tO get the status of LUCC in the mountain areas of southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, the LUCC process is studied based on the integrated technology of Remote Sensing （RS） and Geographic Information System （GIS）. After interpreting the Landsat MSS/TM remote sensing date of 1975, 1985 and 2001, it gets the study area originality data of LUCC in three periods. Using this data, the change extent, dynamic change index and state index of LUCC are studied. The result indicates that farmland has a high input speed, but the grassland, woodland and water have a high output speed from 1975 to 1987. So, the area of farmland increases and the area of grassland, woodland and water decrease greatly. The LUCC is unbalanced. But in the period of 1987~2001, the grassland, woodland and water begin to input and the farmland begins to output. The LUCC also is unbalanced. In the whole period of 1975~ 2001, besides city land and unused land, the other kinds of LUCC have a curve change. The whole LUCC is balanceable.