A型行为及应对方式与职业紧张的关系

The Relationship between Type-A Behavior,Coping Style and Occupational Stress

[目的]探讨人们不同行为方式、应对方式对职业紧张的影响。[方法]用工作内容问卷(JCQ)、A型行为量表和应对方式问卷对431名在职乘警和乘务员进行调查与测试。[结果]男性工作要求评分高于女性。不同文化程度组间工作自主程度及工作要求评分不同。文化程度高者,工作自主与工作要求评分均高。具有A型行为的职业人群中,对工作主要表现为高要求/高自主的紧张型;具有B型行为者则主要表现为低要求/低自主型;对事业有抱负者工作要求与工作自主评分高,具有泛A行为以及行为特征高者,工作自主与社会支持的评分也高;积极应对评分高者,工作自主及社会支持的评分均高于积极应对评分低者;行为特征与应对方式对工作自主及社会支持的评分,有负交互作用。[结论]不同行为方式和应对方式,对个体感受到的职业紧张程度有一定影响。

[Objective] To explore the relationship between type-A behavior, coping style and occupational stress. [Methods] Totally 431 train police and train attendants were investigated with job content questionnaire （JCQ）, Type-A behavior questionnaire and simplified coping style questionnaire. [Results] The scores of job demand in male were higher than those in female. The scores of job demand and decision latitude in group of high education level were higher than those in low education level. The scores of person with type-A behavior for job demand and decision latitude were higher than those with type-B behavior. The scores of higher level of aspiration for job demand and decision latitude were at higher level. The scores for job demand and social support in general type-A behavior were at higher level. The scores for social support and decision latitude in active coping group were higher than those in passive active coping group. Behavior type and coping style were passive interaction on the scores for social support and decision latitude. [Conclusion] Occupational stress was obviously effected by different behavior types and coping styles.