一种基于平面消影点的摄像机定标方法

A Camera Calibration Method Based on Planar Vanishing Points

摄像机定标是计算机视觉中一个非常重要的问题。对CCD/INS复合末制导系统中摄像机定标问题进行了研究。文中介绍了一种基于平面消影点的摄像机定标方法。该方法从消影点的基本性质和方形平面模板的几何特征出发,推导并证明了正交消影点之间的约束关系式,从这个正交约束中可以解析地求出摄像机的有效焦距。消影点从3D-2D的对应点坐标中解算求得,相比于图像处理方法具有更好的抗干扰性。方法原理简单、实现方便,仿真实验和真实图像实验结果均验证了该方法的有效性。

Camera calibration is an important issue in computer vision. Camera calibration of CCD/INS Composite Terminal Guidance System is studied in the paper. An easy and high accurate camera calibration technique using the planar vanishing points is proposed. According to the geometrical properties of the vanishing points and the square planar model, two constraints between vanishing points and the focal lengths can be found, from which a closed - form solution to focal lengths can be computed. The vanishing points are computed from the corresponding 3D - 21） points which raise the robustness of the method, compared with the image processing method. The method is easy to be understood and realized. Both computer simulation and real data are used to test the proposed technique.