应用套管预防冻干兔股动脉异种移植术后动脉瘤的生成

Prevention of aneurysm formation after freeze-dried heterogenic femoral artery transplantation by using cannula in rabbits

目的 探讨预防动脉异种移植术后动脉瘤生成的方法。方法 取20只成年SD大鼠，体重250—400g，随机分为3组：（1）对照组：取实验鼠对侧股动脉20mm作为移植材料，修复8根股动脉15mm的缺损；（2）冷冻干燥组：用冷冻干燥处理后的兔股动脉15—30mm修复大鼠16根股动脉的缺损；（3）套管保护组：用15—30mm冷冻干燥的兔股动脉修复大鼠16根股动脉的缺损后，在移植血管外加1根硅胶管保护血管。结果 自体血管移植的对照组的血管通畅率是100％。冷冻干燥组的血管通畅率是50％，动脉瘤的生成率为69％。套管保护组的血管通畅率是69％，动脉瘤的生成率为13％。结论 冷冻干燥的动脉异种移植动脉瘤的生成率高，异种动脉外加1根硅胶管能明显降低动脉瘤的生成。

Objective To seek method to prevent aneurysm formation after heterogenic artery transplantation. Methods Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 250-400 g were divided into three groups, ie, control group （4 rats）, freeze-drying group （8 rats） and cannula protection group （8 rats）. In control group, a segment of the left femoral artery for 20 mm in length was removed and used as a graft to repair a 15 mm long defect in the right femoral artery of the same rat. In freeze-dried group, 16 femoral artery defects of 15-30 mm in length in eight Sprague-Dawley rats were repaired by freeze-dried femoral arterial grafts of New Zealand white rabbits. While in cannula protection group, 16 femoral artery defects in rats were repaired by freeze-dried rabbit femoral arterial grafts. The graft was then packed with a silica gel cannula. Postoperative evaluation of vascular patency was done three months later. Results Patency rate was 100% in the control group and 50% in the freeze-drying group, with incidence rate of aneurysm formation for 69%. Patency rate was 69% in the carmula group, with incidence rate of aneurysm formation for 13%. Conclusion Formation rate of aneurysm is high in freeze-dried artery heterogenic transplantation. After grafts are packed with a silica gel carmula, formation rate of aneurysm decreases remarkably.