徐州狮子山楚王陵墓主身份及其相关问题的初步研究

Tentative Study on the Identification of Owner of the Shizishan Burial in Xuzhou

作为1995年中国十大考古发现之一的徐州狮子山楚王陵自发掘出土以来,其宏伟的规模,奇特的葬制以及出土的大量精美文物都引起了学术界的广泛关注,但由于此墓年代久远且早年遭到盗扰,其墓主身份也随学者研究角度的不同而产生了多种学说,其中牵扯到的楚王从二代到五代不等,时间跨度长达57年。就目前而言,第三代楚王刘戊为墓主说法较为盛行,但笔者从葬制、礼仪、出土文物及与相关墓葬的关系等方面综合研究后认为:以第二代楚王刘郢(《汉书》作刘郢客)为墓主更为合理。同时,在本文中作者还将对其他三种观点一一进行辨析,并就与此墓及墓主身份的有联系的相关问题,试做初步的探讨。

As one of Top Ten Archaeological Discoveries in China in 1995, the Shizishan burial in Xuzhou calls scholars＇ attention by its grand scale, unique burial regulation and exquisite relics. However, the identification of its owner is still under debate due to lack of evidence. This paper suggests that although it is widely acclaimed that Liu Wu, the third Chu King, is the owner of the burial, a comprehensive study on the burial system, ritual and excavated relics as well as the burial＇s relation with others suggests that Liu Ying, the second Chu King, is more likely to be the owner. The paper further discusses some issues related to the burial and the identification of the owner.