三亚甲基环碳酸酯及2,2-二甲基三亚甲基环碳酸酯开环均聚合

The Ring-Opening Homopolymerizations of Trimethylene Carbonate and 2,2-Dimethyltrimethylene Carbonate

生物降解聚合物聚三亚甲基环碳酸酯(PTMC)及聚2,2-二甲基三亚甲基环碳酸酯(PDTC)在药物控释载体及其它生物医学技术领域有着良好的应用前景。与脂肪族聚酯不同,PTMC和PDTC降解时,不会产生有害的酸性化合物。PTMC和PDTC主要由三亚甲基环碳酸酯(TMC)及2,2-二甲基三亚甲基环碳酸酯(DTC)开环均聚合制备。本文总结了催化TMC和DTC开环均聚合的不同催化剂及其聚合机理,综述了近年来国内外在TMC和DTC均聚合催化剂开发上的研究进展,并对生物相容性催化剂如稀土催化剂、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe催化剂以及酶催化剂催化TMC和DTC开环聚合的优缺点进行了比较。

Biodegradable poly（trimethylene carbonate） （PTMC） and poly（2,2-dimethyltrimethylene carbonate） （PDTC） appear to be very promising in controlled drug delivery and other biomedical technology applications. In contrast to aliphatic polyesters, detrimental acidic compounds are not released upon degradation of PTMC and PDTC. PTMC and PDTC can be prepared by ring-opening homopolymerizations of trimethylene carbonate （TMC） and 2, 2- dimethyltrimethylene carbonate （DTC） respectively. In this paper, different kinds of catalysts or initiators and polymerization mechanisms for the ring-opening homopolymerizations of TMC and DTC are summarized. The recent progress in the research of novel catalysts for the TMC and DTC homopolymerizations is reviewed. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of biocompatible catalysts, such as rare earth catalysts, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe catalysts, and enzyme catalysts, for the ring-opening homopolymerizations of TMC and DTC are discussed.