福建梅花山51种常绿阔叶植物叶片寿命特征及其影响因素

The Traits of Leaf Lifespan of 51 Evergreen Broad-leaved Species and Analysis on the Influencing Factors of Mt. Meihuashan, Fujian Province

以福建梅花山51种常绿阔叶植物为研究对象,用生命表法对其叶片寿命进行研究。结果表明:(1)51种植物叶片寿命主要在1～1.5年和2～2.5年两个区间,叶片寿命最短的为小叶乌饭树(0.64年),最长的为建润楠(3.66年),相差4.71倍;(2)从平均值来看,灌木叶片寿命较长(2.01年),其次为中乔木(1.97年),小乔木叶片寿命较短(1.83年);(3)优势种叶片寿命(1.65年)短于伴生种(2.02年),阳生种叶片寿命(1.88年)短于阴生种(2.15年);(4)同种植物叶片寿命随海拔升高而延长,这是高海拔植物提高碳获取能力的一种方式,是对环境适应的结果。

In order to study the characteristics of the leaf lifespan and its influencing factors, the authors chosed 51 evergreen broad-leaved species in Meihuashan Mountain of Fujian Province as research objects. The lifespan was studied by using life-table method. The results were as follows： （1） The leaf lifespan of 51 evergreen broad-leaved species mostly ranged from 1 to 1.5 years and from 2 to 2.5 years. The leaf lifespan of Vaccinium bracteatum was the shortest （0.64a）, and the leaf lifespan of Machilus Oreophila was the longest （3.66a）. The leaf lifespan varies 4.71-fold between them. （2） In regard to the average value, the leaf lifespan of shrubs was 2.01 years and followed by that of large trees （1.97a）, the small trees was 1.83a. （3） Among the 51 plant species, the leaf lifespan of dominant species （1.65a） were shorter than that of companion species （2.02a）, and the leaf lifespan of sun plants （1.88a） were shorter than that of shade plants （2.15a）. （4） The leaf lifespan of the same species became longer with the increasing of altitude, this is the life history countermeasure of improving the capability of gaining carbon, and also is the results of adapting to the environment.