濮阳市甲肝暴发疫情流行病学调查报告

Epidemiological Survey of Epidemic Situation for Hepatitis Burst at Puyang

目的查明暴发原因和传播途径,分析流行因素,评价控制效果。方法对每一例病人做个案调查,了解病例的三间分布;采用病例对照研究,以29名病人为病例组,选择29名性别年龄相同健康儿童为对照,比较病例组与对照组的甲肝疫苗接种率差异和饮用水源情况。结果病例组与对照组甲肝疫苗接种率有非常显著性差异(χ2=32.29,P<0.001);集中供水与分散供水水源使用率无差异(χ2=0.1,P>0.05,OR=1.53)结论此次暴发的传播途径为日常生活接触;及时发现、报告和隔离病人,加强对生活饮用水、公共场所的消毒和甲肝防治知识宣传,提高甲肝疫苗接种率是控制甲肝暴发的有效措施。

Objective The aim is to investigate the cause of hepatitis occurrence and its spread, analyze the epidemic factors. Method The surveying method obeys the following way： employing ease by ease comparison study, taking 29 patients as a ease group and 29 healthy children as a comparison group, comparing the difference of vaccination percentage and drinking-water source between these two groups. Results Our results show that there is a great difference（χ^2=32.29,P〈0. 001= between these two groups in vaccination percentage; there is little difference （χ^2= 0.1,P〉0. 05,RR= 1.53） for collective drinking or scattering drinking. Conclusions In conclusion, this hepatitis burst at Puyang is mainly spread by routine contiguity. The first time of finding, reporting and separating patients, clean drinking water, sanitizing the public places as well as popularizing preventive knowledge and increasing vaccination percentage are effective in controlling hepatitis burst.