论汉初经济复苏与大赋兴起的关系

On the Relationship between the Recovery of Economy in Early Period of Han Dynasty and the Rising of Da Fu

西汉初年是重利求富的时代。追逐官位名利,是汉初游士骋其智辩、游于帝王之门的主要目的。随着西汉社会由动荡趋于稳定,游士们关注的社会热点由政治转向经济。在经济生活和辞赋创作的结合上,汉初游士找到了延续生命与实现价值的新天地。汉初经济复苏和由此产生的社会侈靡风气,对汉大赋的出现起了催生的作用。枚乘《七发》旨在“戒膏粱之子”;相如《天子游猎赋》铺陈诸侯、天子的奢侈生活,表达了“非侈”、“引之节俭”的思想。西汉末年,扬雄的《蜀都赋》叙写蜀地的经济繁荣,进一步开拓了大赋的题材。

In the early period of West Han Dynasty, most people put their attention on pursuing interest and wealth. To the bureaucratic classes in West Han, the main purpose for showing their talent to the emperor is to become considerable officials and to get personal fame and gains. With the process of transferring turmoil society to a steady one, most rove people turn their attention from policy to economy. Combining economic life and Ci Fu creation, they find a new field to realize their value and last the meaning of life. The recovery of economy in early period of Han and the luxury general mood of society help a lot in the advent of Han Da Fu. The major idea of Mei Cheng＇s Qi Fa is exhorting the children bought in the rich family. Through describing the luxury life of vassal and emperor in Tian Zi You Lie Fu, Sima Xiangru criticizes the luxury general mood and promotes the thrifty life style. At the end of West Han Dynasty, Yang Xiong＇s Shu Du Fu describes the flourishing economy in Shu Du. It further expands Da Fu＇s subject.