底质环境对浙江衢山岛潮间带大型底栖动物分布的影响

The Influence of the Sediment Environment on Distribution of Macrobenthos of the Intertidal Zone in Qushan Island

于2005年12月对岱山衢山岛的岩礁、泥滩和泥沙滩三种不同底质环境的潮间带生物进行了调查,以了解底质环境对其分布的影响。结果表明,不同底质类型潮间带分布的底栖动物种类数量不同,岩礁分布23种、泥滩分布17种、泥沙滩分布15种。不同底质的底栖动物生物量和栖息密度分布呈显著差异,且均为岩礁断面>泥滩断面>泥沙滩断面。不同底质潮间带底栖动物的多样性指数也不相同,其中Shannon-Weiner指数、Pielou均匀度和Margalef种类丰度的变化为泥滩断面>泥沙滩断面>岩礁断面,而Simpson优势度则表现为泥滩断面<泥沙滩断面<岩礁断面。对三种不同底质类型的潮间带动物分布进行了分析,阐述了底质环境决定着潮间带大型底栖动物种类及数量的分布特征,从而揭示了潮间带底质环境是影响底栖动物分布的重要因素。

To understand the influence of the sediment environment on macro benthos of the intertidal zone in Qushan Island,we sampled macrobenthos of the intertidal zone in different sediments including rock, mud and mud-sand. Our results showed that different species distributing in different sediment, there are 17 species in mud sediment, 23 in rock sediment and 15 in mud-sand sediment. There are remarkable difference in biomass and density of the different sediments as the rock 〉 the mud 〉 the mud-sand. Different diversity index in different sediments, Shannon-weiner index, Evenness and Margalef at the mud section 〉 the mud-sand section 〉 the rock section, and the Simpson index at the rock section 〉 the mud-sand section 〉 the mud section.The above results,shows that the sediment environment was the important factor on distribution of macro benthos of the intertidal zone.