内蒙古西部区环境评价

Study on Appraisal and Conservation Measures of Entironment in West Inner Mongolia

以内蒙古西部的鄂尔多斯市、乌海市及阿拉善盟为研究区,针对这些地区自然生态的复杂性及存在的问题,采用综合评价法进行环境评价。结果表明:土地沙漠化、草场退化、土壤次生盐碱化、水土流失及城市空气污染是该地区最为严重的环境问题。所有这些问题都是以水资源为核心的生态问题,在西北草原牧区普遍存在,具有代表性。据此,提出了若干改善西北草原牧区环境的建议与对策。

This paper appraises the entironment in Ordos City, Uhai City and Alxa League in west Inner Mon- golia using integrated appraisal methods based on considering the complexity of the entironment and the existing problems. The results reveal that land desertification, steppe degeneration, secondary soil salinization or alkalization, soil erosion and air pollution in urban areas are the most serious entironment problems. All these are caused by the ubiquitous shortage of water resources in west Inner Mongolia. Thus, some suggestions and measures are put forward for regenerating the entironment in west Inner Mongolia, they are to build some ecological regeneration projects so as to control soil erosion and land desertification, satisfy the ecological water consumption, especially to take some measures for improving the entironment in the farming-pasturing ecotone where the entironment is fragile, such as returning land for farming to forestry and grassplot and developing ecological agriculture and ecological animal husbandry. It is also suggested to rationally redistribute water resources, save water consumption, increase the water utilization efficiency and the investment for regenerating the entironment, control environmental pollution, etc.