钼对大鼠致畸和致突变作用的研究

Teratogenicity and Mutagenicity of Molybdenum on Rats

背景与目的:研究钼对大鼠胚胎的致畸和致突变作用。材料与方法:105只妊娠Wistar大鼠,用75只进行致畸试验,30只进行微核试验,各试验随机分为5组,试验组分别给予10、20和40mg/kg的钼酸铵,阴性对照组给予生理盐水,阳性对照组给予20mg/kg的环磷酰胺。致畸试验于孕20d用传统胚胎致畸试验测定钼对大鼠的致畸作用,致突变试验于孕14d用胚胎转移微核试验测定钼对大鼠的致突变作用。结果:与阴性对照组相比,40mg/kg组和阳性对照组孕鼠增重、活胎率、胎鼠体重降低(P<0.01);母鼠骨髓细胞的微核率、胎鼠肝血细胞和胎鼠外周血细胞的微核率、骨骼畸形率和内脏畸形率升高(P<0.01),胎鼠的体长、尾长缩短(P<0.05),外部畸形率增加(P<0.05);20mg/kg组活胎率降低(P<0.05),胎鼠肝血细胞和外周血细胞的微核率、外部畸形率和骨骼畸形率升高(P<0.05);10mg/kg组胎鼠外部畸形率升高(P<0.05)。结论:钼酸铵在20～40mg/kg剂量范围内对大鼠胚胎可产生致畸和致突变作用。

BACKGROUND ＆ AIM ： To study the teratogenicity and mutagenicity of molybdenum in pregnancy rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS： 105 pregnant Wistar rats , 75 for teratogenieity test,30 for mieronueleus test, were randomly divided into 5 groups. The rats in experimental groups were treated with 10, 20 and 40 mg/kg molybdenum acid ammonium salts, in negative control group received normal saline and in positive group was given 20 mg/ kg eyelophosphamide . Teratogenieity test was scheduled at day 20 of the pregnancy, and mieronueleus test at day 14.RESULTS： Compared with negative control group, the increased weight of the pregnant rats , the percentage of live feurses, the embryonic body weight in 40 mg/ kg and positive control groups were decreased（P〈0.01） The micronucleus rate of marrow cells in pregnant rats, the liver blood cells and peripheral blood cells in the fetus, the rate of skeletal and visceral deformities and in 40 mg/kg and positive control groups were increased （P 〈 0.01） . The embryonic body and tail length in 40 mg/kg and positive control groups were decreased （P〈0.05） The rate of external deformity in 40 mg/kg and positive control groups were increased（P 〈 0.05）. Percentage of live fetuses in 20 mg/kg group was decreased （P 〈 0.05） . The micronucleus rate of the liver blood cells and peripheral blood cells in the fetus, the rate of skeletal and external defonnityies in 20 mg/kg group were increased （P〈0.05） . The rate of external deformity in 10 mg/kg group was increased （P 〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION.There were teratogenicity and mutagenicity on the rat embryo treated with 20 mg/kg to 40 mg/kg molybdenum acid ammoniumsalts.