城市街道大气颗粒物有害成分及来源的研究

Studies on harmful elements in atomospharic particles and their sources in the urban streets

本文通过对哈尔滨市主要街道大气总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)和可吸入颗粒物(IP)中八种无机元素和苯并(a)芘浓度的分析,并运用元素富集因子法统计处理,探讨了 TSP 中元素富集特征和污染来源。结果表明:街道附近大气颗粒物污浆严重,大气 TSP 中富集程度较高的元素是 Zn、Cu、cd 和 Pb,其中 Cu主要来源于燃煤烟尘:Pb、Zn、Cd 主要来源交通污染和地面扬尘,Ca、K、Mn 富集程度较低,主要来源于尘土和风沙。街道大气 TSP 中笨并(a)芘年平均值为35.6μg/1000m^3。

In the main streets of Harbin city were collected the total suspended particles(TSP)in the atomosphere in which the concentrations of 8 kinds of inorganic elements and benzo(a)pyrene(Bap)were analyied,the enrichment factor method was used and element enrichment patterns and contavmination sources were studied. The results showed that the streets were seriously conta minated by the suspebded particles,in which Zn,Cu,Cd and Pb were high enrichment elements with Cu from burned coal dust and Pb,Zn and Cd from the traffic pollution and dust of earth surface,while Ca,K and Mn were low enrichment elements mainly from the dust of earth surface of the wind sand.The annual average concentration of Bap in Tsp was 35.6μg/1000m^3.