四川省藏、羌、汉族小学三年级～高三学生身体活动状况

PHYSICAL ACTIVITY PATTERNS OF STUDENTS FROM GRADE 3 IN ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TO SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL OF TIBETAN、QIANG AND HAN NATIONALITY IN SICHUAN PROVINCE

[目的]了解藏、羌、汉族学生身体活动状况,为采取有效措施促进少数民族地区学生积极参加身体活动、提高他们的身体素质、达到相关的健康目标提供依据。[方法]采用一年回顾性身体活动调查问卷调查四川省阿坝藏族羌族自治州藏、羌、汉族1450名小学3年级～高3学生的身体活动情况。[结果]阿坝地区中小学生最常参加的由学校组织的活动依次为体操、跑步,业余时间参加的活动依次为步行、做家务、爬楼梯和跑步。藏、羌、汉族学生平均每天身体活动时间分别为1.12、0.99和0.95h;藏族学生平均每天身体活动时间要显著高于羌族和汉族学生(F=6.38,P﹤0.01)。藏、羌、汉族学生平均每天身体活动能量消耗分别为295.1、244.0和208.1kcal;藏族学生平均每天身体活动能量消耗要显著高于汉族和羌族学生(F=17.09,P﹤0.01)。[结论]四川省藏、羌、汉族中小学生身体活动存在差异,应根据少数民族地区的实际情况制定切实有效的措施,促进他们积极参加身体活动。

[ Objective] To describe the physical activity patterns of Tibetan. Qiang and Han nationality adolescent and analyze the irdluencing factors to provide evidence for developing intervention measure, promote them to participate in physical activities. [Methods] A total of 1 450 Tibetan, Qiang and Han nationality students from grade 3 in elementary school to senior high school in A Ba county, SiChuan province were investigated. Their physical activities were surveyed by questionnaire of one year recall. [ Rosults] The physical activities in school which were most reported in students of A_Ba county, SiChuan province were gymnastics and run. The most often leisure time activities were walk, housework, up-down stairs, run and so on. The time for physical activity per day of Tibetan, Qiang and Han nationality adolescents were 1.12. 0.99 and 0.95 respectively. Tibetan nationality students were signitlcant higher than Qiang and Han nationality students in the time for physical activity （F = 6.38, P 〈 0.01） . Energy consumption related to physical activity of Tibetan, Qiang and Han nationality students were 295.1 kcal, 244.0 kcal and 208.1kcal per day. Tibetan nationality students were significant higher than Qiang and Han nationality students in energy consumption related to physical activity （F = 17.09, P〈 0.01） . [Conclusion] It is still a considerable problem for minority students in A Ba county, SiChuan province to take part in physical activities, so proper measures should be taken to encourage them to participate in physical activities.