某区外来流动儿童免疫规划现状及影响因素调查

INVESTIGATION ON IMMUNIZATION STATUS OF THE FLOATING CHILDREN AND ITS INFLUNCING FACTORS IN A CERTAIN DISTRICT

[目的]了解绍兴市越城区外来流动儿童免疫规划状况及影响因素。[方法]在全区各镇(街道)抽取外来人口较集中的1￣2个社区(村)中的1￣7周岁273名流动儿童和273名常住儿童进行现况调查。[结果]流动儿童的建卡、建证率,卡介苗、口服脊髓灰质炎疫苗、百白破联合疫苗、麻疹疫苗、乙肝疫苗接种率和五苗全程覆盖率,均非常显著地低于常住儿童的相应指标(χ2分别为96.49、99.27、107.32、82.94、91.42、90.47、63.64、143.65,P均﹤0.005);流动儿童未接种的主要原因:不知道要接种的占33.88%。[结论]提示城市免疫规划应重视流动儿童,加大对流动人群的免疫规划宣传力度,提高对免疫规划的知晓率,尤其是对户籍在外省的流动儿童和居住在乡村的流动儿童的免疫规划管理。

[Objective] To understand the immunization status of floating children at the age of 1-7 in Yuecheng District of Shaoxing and the vaccination infuncing factors . [Methods] 273 floating children together with 273 residential children aged 1-7 from one or two communities （administrative villages） where floating population gathered were investigated. [ Results] The rates of establishing immunization cards and certificates, the rates of vaccination of BCG, OPV, DPT, MV, HBV vaccines, the rate of whole -course vaccination of five vaccines were aU lower in floating children than that in residential children （x^2 = 96.49, 99.27, 107.32, 82.94, 91.42, 90.47, 63.64, 143.65, P〈 0.005） . The main reason for failing in vaccination of floating children was that 33.88% of them did not know they should be vaccinated . [Conclusion] We should pay attention to EPI of floating children in the city, intensify the propaganda of EPI to make them understand the importance of preventive vaccination, especially strengthen the EPI management for floating childen living in villages and childen who registered permanent residence in other provinces.