嘉兴市秀洲区学校传染病暴发疫情分析

THE ANALYSIS OF OUTBREAKS OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASES IN XIUZHOU DISTRICT OF JIAXING CITY

[目的]了解中小学校造成传染病暴发的原因和流行病种,为制定决策和采取相应的预防控制措施提供科学依据。[方法]根据《全国传染病统一诊断标准》,传染病暴发疫情判断标准以某种传染病在学校(群体)中连续发生≥3例或在21d内≥5例即视为暴发。进行描述性分析。[结果]2004和2005年中小学校以呼吸道传染病暴发为主,时间分布于秋冬或冬春季节多见,传染病暴发起次小学﹥中学。中小学生传染病发病率分别为1.65‰和9.43‰,小学生﹥中学生。而男女生传染病发病率分别为6.93‰和7.01‰,男女生对各种暴发传染病同样易感。[结论]学校应把健康教育和晨检制度列入教育议事日程,加强学生体育锻炼,提高身体素质及采取综合性预防和控制措施阻止学校中传染病的暴发和流行。

[Objective] To investigate the reasons and kinds of the ontbreak of communicable diseases in primary and middle schools, and provide a scientific basis for decision-making and take appropriate prevention and control measures. [Methods] The outbreak of communicable diseases was judged when a kind of communicable disease happened more that 3 cases or more than 5 cases within 21 days in some schools （groups） according to ＂the national standard of communicable diseases diagnoses＂. [ Results] In Primary and middle schools, the main kind of communicable diseases was respiratory communicable diseases from 2005 to 2006, and it broke out between autumn and winter or between winter and spring. The number of outbreaks of communicable diseases in primary schools was higher than that of middle schools. The incidence rate of communicable diseases in primary schools and middle schools was 9.43%e and 1.65% respectively. There were no difference in the incidence rate of communicable between boys and girls, and the incidence rate of communicable diseases of boys and girls were 6.93%e and 7.01% respectively. [Conclusion] The school should start health education and temperature examination in on the agenda morning and strengthen the physical exercises of students to improve their physical qualrty. The school should also adopt comprehensive prevention and control measures to prevent the outbreak and spread of communicable diseases in schools.