现代医院手术室建设中的问题及动态研究

Some keypoints and dynamic technolgy status in building modern operating rooms

手术室是医学技术与工程技术结合的产物。随着医疗技术和新的手术工具的不断涌现,带动了手术量的迅猛上升。旧的手术室空间布局、实施标准、功能配置等方面已经无法满足新技术的应用要求,同时人们对手术环境和手术质量也提出了更高的标准。而今第四代手术室已开始步入我们的时代。洁净化、数字化和人性化则是其主要代表特征。本文分别从洁净手术室、数字化手术室和人性化手术室三个方面来探讨现代医院手术室建设中应注意的问题及动态研究。层流手术室已经是手术室建设不可逆转的发展趋势,除了按照《医院洁净手术部建筑技术规范》来建造外,其布局、人流、物流、质量监控等等都要进行合理的安排才能达到最优的手术环境。数字化手术室是将温度、湿度、压力、通风量、新风量等一切参数系统的由计算机来分配统筹,从而实现精确高效的手术管理。人性化手术室则是手术室建设的软件部分,是一种“以病人为中心”的服务理念,它打破了传统的生物医学模式,转变为生物—心理—社会模式,这是病人需求与市场竞争的必然选择。

Operating Room is a product of the combination of medical technology, and engineering technology. With medical teehnology and surgical tools have emerged, it led to the rapid rise in the volume of operations. The conventional operating room with its space layout and standards of implementation as well as the functional configurations, hinderer, has been unable to meet new technologies demand. In meanwhile better surgical environment and higher operation of quality standards are required consequently. Now the fourth generation of operating room has been gradually introduced. Cleanliness, digitalize and humanity are the main features of today＇s operating room. From the point of view of clean, digital and humane, this paper discusses some important questions for construction of a modern operating morn and its related technology, status. The trend of building laminar flow operating room is irreversible. Ahmg ,with the ＂Construction Standard of Hospital Operating Room＂, these factors including layout and flow and logistics should be carefully considered and arranged to the construction of operating room to achieve optimal surgical environment. Digital operating room is to use computer control teehnology to balance temperature, humidity, pressure and ventilation, to achieve accurate and effective management of operation. Humanity operating room is the software part of a ＂patient- oriented＂ service concept and it has broken the traditional bionledie＇al model to bio-psycho-social model. This is inevitable tor the patient demand and market competition.