土地垄断供给、纵向市场关系与房地产价格——兼论基于价值链分析的房地产市场竞争促进政策

On the Monopoly of Land Supply,Vertical Market Relationship and Real Estate Price——An Value-chain Related Analysis of Policy Mechanism to Promote the Real Estate Market Competition

地价与房价之间并不仅仅是一种成本联系。土地市场与房地产产品市场之间还存在着纵向市场关系,在两个市场均为寡头垄断的情况下,则会存在着双重垄断加成的现象。与上下游产业之间的市场交易关系相比,垂直一体化和垂直约束同样是组织住房生产的有效方式,并有助于增加消费者剩余。此外,促进房地产开发价值链上各环节的竞争,消除其垄断行为,将是降低房价和增进居民福利的重要选择。

The relationship between the land price and the housing price is not merely based on cost. There is also a vertical market relationship between the two. Given the oligopoly of both markets,, there exists the phenomenon of monopoly addition.. Compared with the market transaction relationship between the lower and upper parts of the industry chain, the vertical integration and restraint are also effective in organizing the production of residential housing and are conducive to the increase of the consumers＇ surplus. Besides, promoting the competition at the links of the value chain of the real estate development to abolish monopoly is an important alternative to reduce housing price and increase the wellbeing of citizens.