试析马歇雷的“离心结构”理论

On Pierre Macherey's Theory of Decentered Structure

马歇雷认为文学是以意识形态为材料的生产活动。意识形态进入作品后处于一种异己力量的对抗中,在文学语言虚设的语境中暴露了自身的虚幻性。正因为这种冲突,使文本成为一个充满矛盾的离心结构。马歇雷在对结构主义的批判中建立自己的理论。他在与结构主义完全不同的意义上使用“结构”一词。结构是外在的、矛盾的、不完整的。

Macherey regards literature as a productive activity with ideology as its raw material. Represented by the fictitious language of works, ideology is put in contradiction with its dissident force and shows its illusion. This conflict makes the literary text a decentered structure full of contradictions. Based on his criticism on structuralism, According to Macherey＇s own theory, ＂structure＂ is exterior, contradictory and unfinished, and completely different from that of structuralism.